Learning Theories Overview
This knowledge base gives a brief overview of the three widely used theories of learning behaviorism, cognitivism, and social learning. Each page will begin with the learning theory and its key principles of assumption of learning followed by its instructional design theory to demonstrate how learning is implemented and conducted using its particular concepts from key theorists. Next each page will feature a learning scenario which will depict key terms for each theory, followed by an observational checklist and lastly my personal reflection on each theory.
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This theory focuses on observable behaviors and suggests that learning occurs through interactions with the environment. Key figures like B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov emphasized reinforcement and punishment as central to shaping behavior. In behaviorism, learning is seen as a response to stimuli, with little consideration for internal thought processes.
Cognitivism emphasizes the mental processes involved in learning, such as memory, problem-solving, and thinking. It views the learner as an active processor of information. Pioneered by theorists like Jean Piaget and Edward Tolman, this theory highlights how knowledge is structured and stored in the mind, focusing on understanding and applying information rather than just behavioral outcomes.
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Developed by Albert Bandura, this theory emphasizes learning through observation, imitation, and modeling. Social Learning Theory rejects the elements of both behaviorism and cognitivism and suggests that people learn not only from direct experience but also by watching others and the consequences of their actions. It highlights the importance of social interaction in the learning process.